# Malaysia EMS Funding: MERS 999, PHCAS, Official Ambulance Charges and 2026 Tenders

> English Malaysia EMS financing profile: national emergency coordination, MOH patient charges RM 0.35/km and RM 1.40/km, 989 Type-B and 25 4WD ambulance tenders.

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- Last modified: 2026-11-02T21:54:43+00:00

# Malaysia EMS Funding: MERS 999, PHCAS, Official Ambulance Charges and 2026 Tenders

Research snapshot · 15 August 2026. Malaysia combines the national 999 dispatch system with Ministry of Health (MOH) Pre-Hospital Care and Ambulance Services (PHCAS). Unlike many emerging markets, MOH publishes specific ambulance service charges and issued major central procurement tenders during 2026.

Atlas status: NATIONAL PUBLIC EMS + STATE/HOSPITAL OPERATIONS + PUBLISHED MOH PATIENT CHARGE + CENTRAL PROCUREMENT. No AIRCHILL-specific reimbursement code is assumed.

## Emergency calling and operations

Public hospitals coordinate prehospital services through PHCAS, Medical Emergency Coordinating Centres (MECC) and the MERS/NG MERS 999 system. MOH documents from 2025–2026 explicitly treat 999 emergency call management as part of the PHCAS operating structure.

Sources: [MOH – PHCAS and 999 responsibilities](https://www.moh.gov.my/moh/resources/Penerbitan/Garis%20Panduan/Pen%20Peg%20Perubatan/FINAL_BUKU_TUGAS_DAN_TANGGUNGJAWAB_PPP_updt_13052025.pdf) · [MOH emergency medicine and trauma services policy](https://www.moh.gov.my/moh/images/gallery/Polisi/EMTS_Book.pdf).

## Official MOH ambulance charge

Malaysia's Ministry of Health publishes the following general ambulance-service fees:

- Malaysian citizens: RM 0.35 per kilometre.
- Foreign nationals: RM 1.40 per kilometre.

These are published patient/service charges, not the complete costs of emergency-service provision or the reimbursement of an onboard medical device.

Source: [Ministry of Health – Caj/Fi Pelbagai (ambulance)](https://www.moh.gov.my/en/core/health-information/service-rates/caj-fi-pelbagai).

## Public, private and insurance arrangements

LevelFunding / operations

MOH PHCASPublic service capacity and ambulance operations through MOH hospitals, state health departments and MECC/999.

Patient chargeOfficial MOH distance-based tariff; additional hospital/service charges are treated separately.

Private ambulanceProvider, insurer and contract prices; do not apply the MOH public service tariff to these transports.

## 2026 procurement: substantial central ambulance purchasing

During 2026 MOH published a tender for 989 Type-B ambulances complete with medical equipment, organized into six groups/zones for a two-year contract. A separate procurement concerned 25 four-wheel-drive ambulances.

Sources: [MOH Tender 72/2026 – 989 Type-B ambulances](https://www.moh.gov.my/en/tender/list-of-tenders/maklumat-tender/fta-cptpp-tender-membekal-menguji-dan-mentauliah-kenderaan-ambulans-type-b-989-unit-bersama-kelengkapan-peralatan-perubatan-bagi-kumpulan-1-2-3-4-5-6-untuk-kegunaan-hospital-klinik-kesihatan-kkm-bagi-tempoh-kontrak-dua-2-tahun) · [MOH Tender 96/2026 – 25 four-wheel-drive ambulances](https://www.moh.gov.my/tender/senarai-tender/maklumat-tender/iklan-tender-no-jadual-96-2026-fta-cptpp-tender-membekal-menguji-dan-mentauliah-25-unit-kenderaan-ambulans-jenis-pacuan-empat-roda-4wd-untuk-kegunaan-kementerian-kesihatan-malaysia-bagi-tempoh-2-tahun).

## AIRCHILL implication

Malaysia is of particular interest because ambulance vehicles and their medical equipment are specified and bought centrally in major lots. A defensible market-access sequence would be: technical and clinical pilot → MOH/PHCAS evidence → inclusion in ambulance/equipment specifications or separate MOH/hospital purchasing. The kilometre-based RM charge is not a per-use business case for AIRCHILL.

Procurement priority in this planning model: very high.

English working translation of the [German original](https://www.medicalcooling.com/de/malaysia-ems-reimbursement-atlas/). Source figures retain their original 2026 research-snapshot dates. The publication does not establish any AIRCHILL-specific reimbursement or device authorization. Market-data source review pending.